The Kingdom of Mysore was a kingdom of southern India, traditionally believed to have been founded in 1399 in the vicinity of the modern city of Mysore. The kingdom, which was ruled by the Wodeyar family, initially served as a vassal state of the Vijayanagara Empire. With the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire (c. 1565), the kingdom became independent. The 17th century saw a steady expansion of its territory and during the rule of Narasaraja Wodeyar I and Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar, the kingdom annexed large expanses of what is now southern Karnataka and parts of Tamil Nadu to become a powerful state in the southern Deccan.
The kingdom reached the height of its military power and dominion in the latter half of the 18th century under the de facto ruler Haider Ali and his son Tipu Sultan. During this time, it came into conflict with the Marathas, the Nizam of Hyderabad, the Kingdom of Travancore and the British which culminated in the four Anglo-Mysore Wars. Success in the first two Anglo-Mysore wars was followed by defeat in the third and fourth. Following Tipu's death in the fourth war of 1799, large parts of his kingdom were annexed by the British, which signalled the end of a period of Mysorean hegemony over southern Deccan. The British restored the Wodeyars to their throne by way of a subsidiary alliance and the diminished Mysore was transformed into a Princely state. The Wodeyars continued to rule the state until Indian independence in 1947, when Mysore acceded to the Union of India.
| Feudatory Monarchy (As vassals of Vijayanagara Empire) (1399–1553) | ||
| Ruler | Reign | |
| Yaduraya Wodeyar | 1399 – 1423 | |
| Chamaraja Wodeyar I | 1423 – 1459 | |
| Timmaraja Wodeyar I | 1459 – 1478 | |
| Chamaraja Wodeyar II | 1478 – 1513 | |
| Chamaraja Wodeyar III | 1513 – 1553 | |
| Absolute Monarchy (Independent Wodeyar Kings) (1553–1761) | ||
| Ruler | Reign | |
| Timmaraja Wodeyar II | 1553 – 1572 | |
| Chamaraja Wodeyar IV | 1572 – 1576 | |
| Chamaraja Wodeyar V | 1576 – 1578 | |
| Raja Wodeyar I | 1578 – 1617 | |
| Chamaraja Wodeyar VI | 1617 – 1637 | |
| Raja Wodeyar II | 1637 – 1638 | |
| Narasaraja Wodeyar I | 1638 – 1659 | |
| Dodda Devaraja Wodeyar | 1659 – 1673 | |
| Chikka Devaraja Wodeyar | 1673 – 1704 | |
| Narasaraja Wodeyar II | 1704 – 1714 | |
| Krishnaraja Wodeyar I | 1714 – 1732 | |
| Chamaraja Wodeyar VII | 1732 – 1734 | |
| Krishnaraja Wodeyar II | 1734 – 1761 | |
| Puppetry Monarchy (Under Haider Ali and Tipu Sultan) (1761–1799) | ||
| Ruler | Reign | |
| Krishnaraja Wodeyar II | 1761 – 1766 | |
| Nanjaraja Wodeyar | 1766 – 1770 | |
| Chamaraja Wodeyar VIII | 1770 – 1776 | |
| Chamaraja Wodeyar IX | 1776 – 1796 | |
| Puppetry Monarchy (Under British Rule) (1799–1831) | ||
| Ruler | Reign | |
| Krishnaraja Wodeyar III | 1799 – 1831 | |
| Titular Monarchy (Monarchy abolished) (1831–1881) | ||
| Ruler | Reign | |
| Krishnaraja Wodeyar III | 1831 – 1868 | |
| Chamaraja Wodeyar X | 1868 – 1881 | |
| Absolute Monarchy Monarchy restored (As allies of the British Crown) (1881–1947) | ||
| Ruler | Reign | |
| Chamaraja Wodeyar X | 1881 – 1894 | |
| Krishnaraja Wodeyar IV | 1894 – 1940 | |
| Jayachamaraja Wodeyar | 1940 – 1947 | |
| Constitutional Monarchy (In Dominion of India) (1947–1950) | ||
| Ruler | Reign | |
| Jayachamaraja Wodeyar | 1947 – 1950 | |
1 Fanam - Tipu Sultan, KM#78
Rev : Mint Calicut, AH1200
Details :
KM#78
1 Rupee (Imami) - Tipu Sultan, KM#C126
Rev : deen-e-ahmad dar jahan ast, roshan ze fatah haidar
Details :
Flower edge, Patan (Seringapatan) Mint, AM(Mauludi era)1218/RY#8
KM#C126
1 Fanam (Kanthirava) - Krishna Raja Wodeyar III, C#212
Rev : Degenerate illegible nagari legend in 3 lines "Sri / Kamthi / Rava"
Details :
The early issue have clear Lion face along with the chakra. Most of the later and common fanams of this type shows Narsimha as a stylized figure represented by 6 dots. This coin is based on the "Kanthirava" fanam of Kanthirava Narasa, which in turn was based on the statue of Narsimha at the Vijayanagar capital of Hampi (Karnataka)
KM#C212
1 Pavali - Krishna Raja Wodeyar III, KM#C202
Rev : Legend in Persian 'Kishan Raj Sanah 1214 Wadeyar Julus Zarb Mahisoor', all within a circle of beads
Translation: Struck in Mysore during the reign of Krishna Raja, Year 1214
Details :
Plain edge. 'Pavali' means 'Quarter'.
KM#C202
1 Pavali - Krishna Raja Wodeyar III, KM#C202
Rev : Legend in Persian 'Kishan Raj Sanah 1243 Wadeyar Julus Zarb Mahisoor', all within a circle of beads
Translation: Struck in Mysore during the reign of Krishna Raja, Year 1243
Details :
Plain edge. 'Pavali' means 'Quarter'. Retrograde date.
KM#C202
1 Rupee - Krishna Raja Wodeyar III, KM#C207
سک زد بر هفت کشور سید فضل الله خامی دین محمد شاه علم بادشاه
Translation : Defender of the Muhammadan faith, Reflection of Divine excellence, the Emperor Shah Alam struck this coin to be current throughout the seven climates
Rev : Persian legend - zarb Mahisur san 95 julus mayimanat manus
ضرب میسور سن ۹۵ جلوس میمنت مانوس
Translation : Struck at Mysore in the 95th year of the auspicious reign
Details :
Plain edge, Krishna raja Wadiyar III (1799-1868) - This coin made under posthumous authority of the Mughal emperor Shah Alam II who died in 1806
KM#C207
References :
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mysore
- South Asian Coins & Paper Money (INDIAN EDITION) - Krause Publication
