The Bombay Presidency, also known as Bombay and Sind from 1843 to 1936 and the Bombay Province, was an administrative subdivision (presidency) of British India. Headquartered in the city of Bombay, at its greatest extent, the Bombay Presidency was made up of the present-day state of Gujarat, the western two-thirds of Maharashtra state, including the regions of Konkan, Desh, and Kandesh, and northwestern Karnataka state of India; It also included Pakistan's Sindh province and the British territory of Aden in Yemen. It consisted partly of districts, which were directly under British rule, and partly of native or princely states, which were ruled by local rulers under the administration of a governor.
The Bombay Presidency was created when the city of Bombay was leased to the East India Company by a Royal Charter from the King of England, Charles II, who had in turn acquired it on May 11, 1661, when his marriage treaty with Catherine of Braganza, daughter of King John IV of Portugal, placed the islands of Bombay in possession of the English Empire, as part of Catherine's dowry to Charles. The English East India Company transferred its Western India headquarters from Surat, its first colony in that region, to Bombay in 1687. The Presidency was brought under British Parliament control along with other parts of British India through Pitt's India Act. Major territorial acquisitions were made during the Anglo-Maratha Wars when the whole of the Peshwa's dominions and much of the Gaekwad's sphere of influence were annexed to the Bombay Presidency in different stages till 1818. Aden was annexed in 1839, while Sind was annexed by the Company in 1843 after defeating the Talpur dynasty in the Battle of Hyderabad and it was made a part of the Bombay Presidency.
The Bombay Presidency was created when the city of Bombay was leased to the East India Company by a Royal Charter from the King of England, Charles II, who had in turn acquired it on May 11, 1661, when his marriage treaty with Catherine of Braganza, daughter of King John IV of Portugal, placed the islands of Bombay in possession of the English Empire, as part of Catherine's dowry to Charles. The English East India Company transferred its Western India headquarters from Surat, its first colony in that region, to Bombay in 1687. The Presidency was brought under British Parliament control along with other parts of British India through Pitt's India Act. Major territorial acquisitions were made during the Anglo-Maratha Wars when the whole of the Peshwa's dominions and much of the Gaekwad's sphere of influence were annexed to the Bombay Presidency in different stages till 1818. Aden was annexed in 1839, while Sind was annexed by the Company in 1843 after defeating the Talpur dynasty in the Battle of Hyderabad and it was made a part of the Bombay Presidency.
1 Rupee - Muhammad Shah - KM#163
Obv : Legend in Persian: Sikka Mubarak Badshah Ghazi Muhammad Shah
Translation: The auspicious coin of the victorious Emperor Muhammad ShahAH113x
Rev : Legend in Persian: Zarb Mumbai Sanah (RY#6) Julus Maimanat Manus
Translation: Struck at Bombay in the (RY#6) year of his tranquil prosperous reign
Details :
Plain Edge
KM#163
The various marks in the loop of the letter 's' of Julus appear to be those of the Darogah or mint contractor . They changed with the appointment of a new mint contractor but eventually became a standard mark in the distinction of Surat and Bombay mint coins in later issues.
½ Rupee - Muhammad Akbar II - KM#259.1
Obv : Legend in Persian: Sikka Mubarak Badshah Ghazi Akbar Shah, AH12xx
Translation: The auspicious coin of the victorious Emperor (Muhammad) Akbar ShahRev : Legend in Persian: Zarb Ahmedabad Sanah Julus Maimanat Manus
Translation: Struck at Ahmedabad in the year of his tranquil prosperous reign
Details :
Plain Edge, Date at upper right above line
KM#259.1
The Ahmedabad Mint, which was under Maratha control was closed for some time and was restarted by the collector of Ahmedabad, Mr Dunlop in December 1817 (AH 1233). Coins with date AH 1233 or after, from the Ahmedabad mint, are considered to be of the Bombay Presidency.
½ Rupee - Muhammad Akbar II - KM#259.2
Obv : Legend in Persian: Sikka Mubarak Badshah Ghazi Akbar Shah, AH1248
Translation: The auspicious coin of the victorious Emperor (Muhammad) Akbar ShahRev : Legend in Persian: Zarb Ahmedabad Sanah Julus Maimanat Manus
Translation: Struck at Ahmedabad in the year of his tranquil prosperous reign
Details :
Plain Edge, Date at left below line
KM#259.2
The Ahmedabad Mint, which was under Maratha control was closed for some time and was restarted by the collector of Ahmedabad, Mr Dunlop in December 1817 (AH 1233). Coins with date AH 1233 or after, from the Ahmedabad mint, are considered to be of the Bombay Presidency.
1 Rupee - Muhammad Akbar II - KM#260.1
Obv : Legend in Persian: Sikka Mubarak Badshah Ghazi Akbar Shah
Translation: The auspicious coin of the victorious Emperor (Muhammad) Akbar ShahRev : Legend in Persian: Zarb Ahmedabad Sanah (RY#12) Julus Maimanat Manus
Translation: Struck at Ahmedabad in the (RY#12) year of his tranquil prosperous reign
Details :
Plain Edge, Date at upper right above line
KM#260.1
The Ahmedabad Mint, which was under Maratha control was closed for some time and was restarted by the collector of Ahmedabad, Mr Dunlop in December 1817 (AH 1233). Coins with date AH 1233 or after, from the Ahmedabad mint, are considered to be of the Bombay Presidency.
1 Rupee - Muhammad Akbar II - KM#260.2
Obv : Legend in Persian: Sikka Mubarak Badshah Ghazi Akbar Shah, AH 1243
Translation: The auspicious coin of the victorious Emperor (Muhammad) Akbar ShahRev : Legend in Persian: Zarb Ahmedabad Sanah (RY) Julus Maimanat Manus
Translation: Struck at Ahmedabad in the (RY) year of his tranquil prosperous reign
Details :
Plain Edge, Date at left below line
KM#260.2
The Ahmedabad Mint, which was under Maratha control was closed for some time and was restarted by the collector of Ahmedabad, Mr Dunlop in December 1817 (AH 1233). Coins with date AH 1233 or after, from the Ahmedabad mint, are considered to be of the Bombay Presidency.
1 Rupee - Muhammad Akbar II - KM#260.2
Obv : Legend in Persian: Sikka Mubarak Badshah Ghazi Akbar Shah, AH 1248
Translation: The auspicious coin of the victorious Emperor (Muhammad) Akbar ShahRev : Legend in Persian: Zarb Ahmedabad Sanah (RY) Julus Maimanat Manus
Translation: Struck at Ahmedabad in the (RY) year of his tranquil prosperous reign
Details :
Plain Edge, Date at left below line
KM#260.2
The Ahmedabad Mint, which was under Maratha control was closed for some time and was restarted by the collector of Ahmedabad, Mr Dunlop in December 1817 (AH 1233). Coins with date AH 1233 or after, from the Ahmedabad mint, are considered to be of the Bombay Presidency.
½ Rupee - Shah Alam II - KM#211.1
Obv : Legend in Persian: Sikka Mubarak Badshah ghazi Shah Alam
شاه عالمبادشاه غازي
سكه مبارك
Translation: Auspicious coin of the victorious Emperor Shah Alam.
Rev : Legend in Persian: Zarb (mint name) sanat 46 julus maimanat manus
ممنت مانوس
سنة ۴٦ جاوس
ضرب سورت
Translation: Struck at (mint name) in the 46th year of tranquil prosperity
Details :
Privy mark #1, Surat mint, Plain edge
KM#211.1
Pr#254
1 Rupee - Shah Alam II - KM#212.1
Obv : Legend in Persian: Sikka Mubarak Badshah ghazi Shah Alam
شاه عالمبادشاه غازي
سكه مبارك
Translation: Auspicious coin of the victorious Emperor Shah Alam.
Rev : Legend in Persian: Zarb (mint name) sanat 46 julus maimanat manus
ممنت مانوس
سنة ۴٦ جاوس
ضرب سورت
Translation: Struck at (mint name) in the 46th year of tranquil prosperity
Details :
Privy mark #1, Surat mint, Plain edge
KM#212.1
Pr#253
1 Rupee - Shah Alam II - KM#212.2
Obv : Legend in Persian: Sikka Mubarak Badshah ghazi Shah Alam
شاه عالمبادشاه غازي
سكه مبارك
Translation: Auspicious coin of the victorious Emperor Shah Alam.
Rev : Legend in Persian: Zarb (mint name) sanat 46 julus maimanat manus
ممنت مانوس
سنة ۴٦ جاوس
ضرب سورت
Translation: Struck at (mint name) in the 46th year of tranquil prosperity
Details :
Privy mark #6, Bombay mint, Plain edge
KM#212.2
Pr#270
1 Rupee - Shah Alam II - KM#218.2
Obv : Legend in Persian: Sikka Mubarak Badshah ghazi Shah Alam
شاه عالمبادشاه غازي
سكه مبارك
Translation: Auspicious coin of the victorious Emperor Shah Alam.
Rev : Legend in Persian: Zarb (mint name) sanat 46 julus maimanat manus, 1825
ممنت مانوس
سنة ۴٦ جاوس
ضرب سورت
Translation: Struck at (mint name) in the 46th year of tranquil prosperity
Details :
Privy mark #8, Bombay mint, Plain edge
KM#218.2
1 Rupee - Shah Alam II (Transitional mint - Bagalkot)
1819
Translation: Coin of the Victorious Emperor Aziz Uddin Shah Alam.
Rev : Legend in Persian: Jalus Maimanat Manus Zarb Dar-ul-Khilafat Shahajahanabad Bagadkut
Translation: Struck at the seat of power, Bagalkot during tranquil prosperous reign
Details :
Plain edge, Bagalkot mint (Transitional mint)
The third Anglo-Maratha war (known as the Pindari war) ended in 1818 with the defeat of the Marathas at the hands of the British East India Company forces led by Governor General Hastings. The area in and around Bagalkot (in present day Karnataka state) was within the Bombay Presidency of the EIC, this coin was issued by them in 1819 (after the war ended in 1818).
This coin is listed as an anonymous issue KM#271 under India Independent kingdoms (Maratha Confederacy) in Krause Catalog. The number was changed to KM#348. But this classification have to be incorrect because of the facts mentioned above.
The coin was issued in the name of Aziz Uddin Alamgir II/Shah Alam. Both Mughal Emperors were dead in AD 1819. It was an EIC practice at the time, to issue coins in the name of known rulers so the coin would have local acceptance. The AH 1189 date is a frozen date
¼ Rupee - Shah Alam II - KM#222
Obv : Legend in Persian: Sikka Mubarak Badshah ghazi Shah Alam, date above
١٢١٥شاه عالم
بادشاه غازي
سكه مبارك
Translation: The auspicious coin of the victorious Emperor Shah Alam
Rev : Legend in Persian: Zarb Surat sanat 46 julus maimanat manus
ممنت مانوس
سنة ۴٦ جاوس
ضرب سورت
Translation: Struck at Surat in the 46th year of his tranquil prosperous reign
Details :
Plain Edge, Frozen date and Regnal Year (AH1215/RY#46), Although mint name on the coin is Surat, this coin was minted at the Bombay mint (1832-35 AD)
KM#222
Pr#290
½ Rupee - Shah Alam II - KM#223
Obv : Legend in Persian: Sikka Mubarak Badshah ghazi Shah Alam, date above
١٢١٥شاه عالم
بادشاه غازي
سكه مبارك
Translation: The auspicious coin of the victorious Emperor Shah Alam
Rev : Legend in Persian: Zarb Surat sanat 46 julus maimanat manus
ممنت مانوس
سنة ۴٦ جاوس
ضرب سورت
Translation: Struck at Surat in the 46th year of his tranquil prosperous reign
Details :
Plain Edge, Frozen date and Regnal Year (AH1215/RY#46), Although mint name on the coin is Surat, this coin was minted at the Bombay mint (1832-35 AD)
KM#223
Pr#288
1 Rupee - Shah Alam II - KM#224
Obv : Legend in Persian: Sikka Mubarak Badshah ghazi Shah Alam, date above
١٢١٥شاه عالم
بادشاه غازي
سكه مبارك
Translation: The auspicious coin of the victorious Emperor Shah Alam
Rev : Legend in Persian: Zarb Surat sanat 46 julus maimanat manus
ممنت مانوس
سنة ۴٦ جاوس
ضرب سورت
Translation: Struck at Surat in the 46th year of his tranquil prosperous reign
Details :
Plain Edge, Frozen date and Regnal Year (AH1215/RY#46), Although mint name on the coin is Surat, this coin was minted at the Bombay mint (1832-35 AD)
KM#224
Pr#286
1 Rupee - Shah Alam II - KM#224
Obv : Legend in Persian: Sikka Mubarak Badshah ghazi Shah Alam, date above
١٢١٥شاه عالم
بادشاه غازي
سكه مبارك
Translation: The auspicious coin of the victorious Emperor Shah Alam
Rev : Legend in Persian: Zarb Surat sanat 46 julus maimanat manus
ممنت مانوس
سنة ۴٦ جاوس
ضرب سورت
Translation: Struck at Surat in the 46th year of his tranquil prosperous reign
Details :
Plain Edge, Frozen date and Regnal Year (AH1215/RY#46), Although mint name on the coin is Surat, this coin was minted at the Bombay mint (1832-35 AD)
KM#224
Pr#286
References :
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombay_Presidency
- South Asian Coins & Paper Money (INDIAN EDITION) - Krause Publication
- The Coins of the English East India Company: Presidency Series. A Catalogue and Pricelist by Paul Stevens
- Coins of the British Commonwealth of Nations Part IV by Fred Pridmore
- http://www.worldofcoins.eu/forum/index.php/topic,38055.0.html (for KM#259 and KM#260 coins)
